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    「婉曲表現のランニングマシン」

    Feb 19, 2025 11:33
    131 33 4 Japanese
    先日学んだ英語の面白い特徴を皆さんに紹介したいと思います。 それはEuphemism Treadmill (婉曲表現のランニングマシン)現象です。 死、障害、人種といったセンシティブなことを表す単語が大昔から次々と当たり障りのない「婉曲表現」と置き換えられ続けてきたようです。 特に分かりやすい例は「知的障害者」の英語です。 昔はimbecileやidiotという言葉が使われていましたが、今ではいずれも「バカ野郎」を意味する酷い暴言だとされています。しかしその当時は決して暴言ではなく、ごく普通の医学用語だったらしいです。 idiotなどの次に、より優しい表現として現れたのはmentally retardedです。これは私の子供の頃でもよく使われていました。 しかし、おそらく10年ほど前からretardedも蔑称だとされており、mentally disabledまたはneurodivergentが代わりに使われるようになりました。後者の表現は特に「意識高い系」の人に好まれているようです。 ところがmentally disabledもneurodivergentも侮辱的だと思われるようになるのは時間の問題だと思います。 idiotという下品な言葉がより上品のものと置き換えれられるのは進歩だと思うかもしれませんが、上の例で分かるように、私たちはずっと新しい婉曲表現を作り続けているだけで、ランニングマシンのように、一歩も進んでいないのです。 面白いですよね。この現象は日本語にも存在しますか?

    I would like to share with you an interesting feature of the English language that I learned the other day. It is the Euphemism Treadmill phenomenon. It seems that since time immemorial, words for sensitive subjects such as death, disability, and race have been replaced one by one with less harsh "euphemisms". A particularly obvious example is the English word for someone who is intellectually disabled. In the past, the words imbecile and idiot were used, but now they are both nasty expletives. However, at that time, they were not all considered abusive and were rather common medical terms. After idiot, a gentler expression that came into use was mentally retarded. This was common even in my childhood. However, probably from about 10 years ago, retarded has been considered derogatory, and mentally disabled or neurodivergent have come into use instead. The latter expression seems to be particularly favored by "woke" people. However, both mentally disabled and neurodivergent will be considered insulting in time. You may think it's progress when words that are considered vulgar, such as "idiot," are replaced by more refined ones, but as you can see from the example above, we just keep creating new euphemisms, and like a treadmill, we are not making a single step forward.  Interesting, isn't it? Does this phenomenon exist in Japanese?

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